Rhyme. Rhyme is the repetition of sounds at the ends of words. Rhyme can enhance the musical quality of a poem. Many poems reveal a pattern of rhyming words that appear at the ends of lines. These are called end rhymes. Internal rhymes are rhymes within the line. As you read “You Are Old, Father William” and “Jabberwocky,” identify the words that rhyme. Do these poems contain end rhymes, internal rhymes, or both? What rhyming patterns can you find in each poem?
Mood. Mood, or atmosphere, is the feeling or emotion the writer creates in a literary work. One way a writer creates a mood is by using concrete details. As you read these two poems, think about the mood each creates. What type of mood is developed in “You Are Old, Father William”? in “Jabberwocky”?
Blend. A blend is a new word created by joining together two old ones, as in smog, from the words smoke and fog; or brunch, from the words breakfast and lunch. Look for blend words in “Jabberwocky.”
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• “You Are Old, Father William” first appeared in Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, which was published in 1865. “Jabberwocky” first appeared in Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There, published in 1871. Carroll’s famous Alice books were originally illustrated with woodcuts by John Tenniel, a well-known artist whose pictures regularly appeared in Punch, an English humor magazine.
• Carroll’s famous stories, and the poems included in them, have become ingrained in British and American culture. Movies, ballets, television shows, web sites, literature, art, and song have embraced his stories, poems, and images. In addition, his books have been translated into more than 60 languages.
Describe an imaginary creature out of your dreams or nightmares.
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