1a. How does Chief Joseph feel at the time of his surrender?
2a. What has happened to all of the people's leaders, the chiefs, and the old men?
3a. What is the condition of the children?
4a. Distinguish a way in which Chief Joseph would feel his situation eased.
5a. What makes Chief Joseph's speech touching and memorable?
1b. Why does Chief Joseph surrender?
2b. Who has taken the place of the old leaders? What is dangerous about having the chiefs dead and the young men in charge?
3b. What is most important for him to do?
4b. Why does Chief Joseph mention the sun?
5b. Reread the opening paragraphs of the Declaration of Independence on page 164. What similarities and differences exist between Chief Joseph's beliefs and those expressed by Thomas Jefferson?
Oral Tradition. Complete the chart below. On the left, copy memorable lines from the speech. On the right, explain why they are memorable and could easily be repeated by future generations of the Nez Percé. One example has been done for you.
Speech. What actions is Chief Joseph intending? What words indicate that this is a speech?
1. Working from Insights on page 434, write a paragraph explaining what happened to Chief Joseph's tribe after his surrender.
2. Imagine you are Chief Joseph. Write his wish list.
3. Write a treaty that grants land rights in the state of Washington to the Nez Percé.
Using the Active Voice. Rewrite the following sentences using the active voice. Make any other necessary changes.
1. The Five Civilized Tribes (Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Choctaw, and Chickasaw) were moved by the Federal government in the 1820s.
2. Beginning in 1830 specific lands were designated for Native Americans by the President.
3. Land was officially set aside for Native Americans in 1834 by the United States government.
4. Native Americans were given land in the Indian Territory by the government; it was located in present-day Oklahoma, as well as Kansas and Nebraska.
5. Oklahoma was settled by whites in 1889, which eventually led to the extension of the territory.
Native American Treaties.Research a Native American treaty. See page 436 in your text for further details.
Address to a Jury.Imagine that you are an attorney representing the Nez Perce'. Write an address to a jury, stating what Chief Joseph's people have lost and how they should be compensated by the United States government.
